IMF

Only 3 percent of the more than 1,000 tax recommendations made by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to governments in recent years focus on taxing wealth and income from wealth, new analysis by Oxfam reveals ahead of the IMF and World Bank Spring Meetings in Washington, D.C.

94 percent of countries (94 out of 100 countries) with current World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) loans have cut vital investments in public education, health and social protection over the past two years, according to a new report published today by Oxfam and Development Finance International (DFI).

Oxfam welcomes the G20’s attention to the sovereign debt crisis in the Global South, but warns about the risks involved in the G20’s approach to resolve it, outlined in more details in the IMF and World Bank Non-Paper on Actions to Support Countries Faced With Liquidity Challenges.  

We strongly support the approach’s aim to significantly increase the net flow of resources to the Global South to back ambitious, country-owned national development and climate strategies. We urge the G20 to adopt several elements of the plan, including increasing bilateral grants, reviewing relevant IMF policies, increasing IMF and multilateral development banks’ resources including but not limited to a generous IDA21 replenishment, and redoubling efforts to promote effective and equitable domestic resources mobilization.

The current debate about sovereign debt liquidity challenges in the Global South covers four distinct issues, which are sometimes conflated.

Income inequality is high or increasing in 60 percent (64 out of 106) of low- and middle-income countries receiving grants or loans from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, reveals new Oxfam analysis ahead of the 2024 Spring Meetings in Washington D.C. Countries with high levels of income inequality have Gini coefficients above 0.4, the warning level set by the United Nations.

An important International Monetary Fund (IMF) initiative to shore up poor people in the Global South from the worst effects of its own austerity measures and the global economic crisis is in tatters.

In response to the publication today of the World Economic Outlook by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Nabil Abdo, Oxfam International’s senior policy advisor on international financial institutions, said: “The IMF is now saying that fiscal consolidation during economic crisis —like today’s economic maelstrom— hasn't served its primary purpose of reducing debt. It’s positive that the IMF is finally admitting this painfully evident fact, but it’s hugely frustrating that it continues to push austerity measures on poor borrowing countries facing huge economic challenges." 

2023 could be a turning point. A year when the world emerges from unprecedented crises, and governments deliver progressive reforms that build a brighter future for all, and for the planet.

But despite the dire economic situation facing the poorest countries today, and much political discussion of the trillions needed to tackle poverty, inequality and climate change, there is no indication that rich countries are willing to pay the true price of a fair and sustainable future. 

New Oxfam analysis describes a $27 trillion black hole – accumulating at around $3.9 trillion a year to 2030 – that low-and-middle income countries face to meet climate-related loss and damages, adaptation, and mitigation measures, along with their health, education and social protection needs.

An average of 189 million people per year have been affected by extreme weather-related events in developing countries since 1991 – the year that a mechanism was first proposed to address the costs of climate impacts on low-income countries - according to a new report published today.